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Held by 3,616 of 5,944 reporting institutions (100th percentile) — extremely crowded.
Data as of Q1 2026
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Total shares institutions bought (green) vs sold (red) each quarter across all holders.
Inferred from quarter-over-quarter change in each fund's 13F position (new stakes count as buys, exits as sells). Not tick-level trades.
Top 40 institutional holders — bubble size is position value, color is the move since last quarter. Hover any holder for detail.
Drag any bubble to rearrange · size = dollar value of the position
Solve the discounted cash flow backwards, then stress-test the assumptions.
To be worth $798.57 today, the market must believe free cash flow compounds 17.0%/yr for a decade (off $10.1B normalized FCF).
The market's 17.0% is more optimistic than its 8-yr track record.
2-stage DCF · 0.47B shares · net debt $26.2B
mean 10.6% · volatility σ 28% · implied rate exceeded in 1/8 yrs
Central path = implied 17.0%/yr growth; shaded band = ±1σ (28%) of this company's historical FCF volatility, widening with time. The wider the band, the less certain the growth.
Reverse DCF: rather than guessing a fair value, we solve for the growth the current price implies, then you stress-test the assumptions. Enterprise value of the FCF stream, less net debt, ÷ shares. Educational — not a recommendation.
Is the value real, and is the business safe? Academic scores + earnings quality + solvency, from SEC filings.
Safe > 2.99 · grey 1.81–2.99 · distress < 1.81
Eight indices comparing this year to last (receivables, margins, asset quality, growth, accruals, leverage). Above −1.78 suggests possible manipulation; below −2.22 is clean.
A screen, not proof — high growth alone can raise it.
Earnings are backed by cash (FCF ≥ net income) — high quality. Lower/negative accruals = higher quality (Sloan).
Coverage data unavailable; leverage rising year-over-year.
F-Score (0–9 fundamental momentum), Altman Z (distress risk), and Beneish M (earnings-manipulation screen) are academic models computed from the SEC filings. Screens and context — educational, not recommendations.
What the company returns to shareholders — and whether it's covered by cash.
The dividend is comfortably covered — only 31% of free cash flow, leaving room to grow it and fund buybacks. Last year: $2.7B dividends + $5.2B buybacks = $7.9B returned on $8.9B FCF.
8 consecutive years of dividend increases · 8%/yr.
Yields use the latest fiscal-year dividends/buybacks over current market cap. Dividends and buybacks from the SEC cash-flow statement; payout coverage vs net income and free cash flow. Educational — not a recommendation.
How management deployed cash over 10 years — and what it earned on reinvestment.
A cash-return story — far more went to shareholders than back into the business (mature, low-reinvestment).
Reinvestment has been productive — operating income grew well per dollar put in. Current ROIC on all capital: 15%. Rough measure (includes maintenance capex).
Cash uses aggregated from the SEC cash-flow statement over 10 fiscal years. "Return on reinvestment" is a rough proxy — operating-income change ÷ cumulative CapEx + M&A — and includes maintenance capex. Educational — not a recommendation.
How much the company owes, how it's trended, and how comfortably it's serviced.
Cash of $10.0B covers the $7.1B due within a year 1.4× over. Scheduled principal only (excludes interest & revolver draws). As of 2025-12-31 (10-K).
Green ≤ 1.5× · amber ≤ 3× · red > 3× (leverage relative to cash earnings).
Interest expense isn't separately reported — often netted into “other income (expense), net.”
Cash of $10.0B fully covers short-term debt of $5.5B.
Mostly long-term debt (balance-sheet current vs non-current split). See the maturity ladder above for the year-by-year repayment schedule.
Debt, cash, interest and equity from the SEC balance sheet & income statement. Effective rate = interest ÷ average debt. Maturity ladder from the SEC long-term-debt repayment schedule. Educational — not a recommendation.
EOD close · as of 2026-09-17
How a revenue dollar becomes profit — FY2025
Each value shows its share of revenue below it (common-size).
| Line Item | FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 | FY2022 | FY2021 | FY2020 | FY2019 | FY2018 | FY2017 | FY2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $67.59B 100.0% | $64.81B 100.0% | $67.06B 100.0% | $59.43B 100.0% | $50.97B 100.0% | $41.75B 100.0% | $53.80B 100.0% | $54.72B 100.0% | $45.46B 100.0% | $38.54B 100.0% |
| Cost of Revenue | $44.75B 66.2% | $40.20B 62.0% | $42.77B 63.8% | $41.35B 69.6% | $35.51B 69.7% | $29.08B 69.7% | $36.63B 68.1% | $37.00B 67.6% | $31.26B 68.8% | $28.04B 72.8% |
| Cost of Products | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $31.05B 68.3% | $28.31B 73.5% |
| Research & Development | $2.15B 3.2% | $2.11B 3.3% | $2.11B 3.1% | $1.81B 3.1% | $1.69B 3.3% | $1.42B 3.4% | $1.69B 3.1% | $1.85B 3.4% | $1.84B 4.1% | $1.85B 4.8% |
| Selling, General & Admin | $6.99B 10.3% | $6.67B 10.3% | $6.37B 9.5% | $5.65B 9.5% | $5.37B 10.5% | $4.64B 11.1% | $5.16B 9.6% | $5.48B 10.0% | $5.00B 11.0% | $4.38B 11.4% |
| Total Operating Expenses | $56.44B 83.5% | $51.74B 79.8% | $54.09B 80.7% | $51.52B 86.7% | $44.09B 86.5% | $37.20B 89.1% | $45.51B 84.6% | $46.43B 84.8% | $41.00B 90.2% | $37.38B 97.0% |
| Operating Income | $11.15B 16.5% | $13.07B 20.2% | $12.97B 19.3% | $7.90B 13.3% | $6.88B 13.5% | $4.55B 10.9% | $8.29B 15.4% | $8.29B 15.2% | $4.46B 9.8% | $1.16B 3.0% |
| Other Income (Expense), net | $892.0M 1.3% | $813.0M 1.3% | $595.0M 0.9% | $1.29B 2.2% | $1.81B 3.6% | -$44.0M -0.1% | -$57.0M -0.1% | -$67.0M -0.1% | $153.0M 0.3% | -$518.0M -1.3% |
| Pretax Income | $11.54B 17.1% | $13.37B 20.6% | $13.05B 19.5% | $8.75B 14.7% | $8.20B 16.1% | $4.00B 9.6% | $7.81B 14.5% | $7.82B 14.3% | $4.08B 9.0% | $139.0M 0.4% |
| Income Tax Expense | $2.77B 4.1% | $2.63B 4.1% | $2.78B 4.1% | $2.07B 3.5% | $1.74B 3.4% | $1.01B 2.4% | $1.75B 3.2% | $1.70B 3.1% | $3.34B 7.3% | $192.0M 0.5% |
| Net Income | $8.88B 13.1% | $10.79B 16.7% | $10.34B 15.4% | $6.71B 11.3% | $6.49B 12.7% | $3.00B 7.2% | $6.09B 11.3% | $6.15B 11.2% | $759.0M 1.7% | -$59.0M -0.2% |
| Per Share | ||||||||||
| EPS (Basic) | $18.90 | $22.17 | $20.24 | $12.72 | $11.93 | $5.51 | $10.85 | $10.39 | $1.27 | $-0.11 |
| EPS (Diluted) | $18.81 | $22.05 | $20.12 | $12.64 | $11.83 | $5.46 | $10.74 | $10.26 | $1.26 | $-0.11 |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Basic) | 470.0M | 486.7M | 510.6M | 526.9M | 544.0M | 544.1M | 561.6M | 591.4M | 591.8M | 584.3M |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Diluted) | 472.3M | 489.4M | 513.6M | 530.4M | 548.5M | 548.6M | 567.5M | 599.4M | 599.3M | 584.3M |
Source: SEC EDGAR XBRL filings (annual, fiscal year). Quarterly flow items are derived from cumulative filings; balance-sheet figures are as-of each period end. Ratios and margins are computed, not reported.
EOD close · as of 2026-09-17
Nothing notable to watch.
No material risks flagged.
Where each multiple sits in its own 14-yr range · 98th pct blended
Dot = today · shaded = middle 50% · line = median. Lower percentile = cheaper vs its own 14-yr history.
Is the profit real, and how strong is the balance sheet?
FY2025 · every deduction from revenue to net income
DuPont — the three levers
Watch the leverage lever — a chunk of ROE comes from the balance sheet.
What the company owes vs. what it holds
Year-by-year maturities aren't in SEC companyfacts (footnote-only), so this shows the debt/cash structure and net leverage instead.
Latest year: profit growth vs revenue growth
Profit and sales moved in opposite directions this year.
Each line as % of revenue — the trend in color
| % of revenue | FY2018 | FY2019 | FY2020 | FY2021 | FY2022 | FY2023 | FY2024 | FY2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost of Revenue | 67.6 | 68.1 | 69.7 | 69.7 | 69.6 | 63.8 | 62.0 | 66.2 |
| R&D | 3.4 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.3 | 3.2 |
| SG&A | 10.0 | 9.6 | 11.1 | 10.5 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 10.3 | 10.3 |
| Operating Income | 15.2 | 15.4 | 10.9 | 13.5 | 13.3 | 19.3 | 20.2 | 16.5 |
| Income Tax | 3.1 | 3.2 | 2.4 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 |
| Net Income | 11.2 | 11.3 | 7.2 | 12.7 | 11.3 | 15.4 | 16.7 | 13.1 |
Green = margin-favorable vs the row's own range · red = unfavorable.
The metrics that matter, over time
A 30-second read on CAT: price, valuation, headline fundamentals, and an auto-generated scorecard from SEC filings. Flags are rule-based signals, not recommendations.
Total return (dividends reinvested) vs the market, from quarter-end prices.
Above 0 = ahead of the S&P 500 since the window start; below 0 = behind. Rising means it's pulling ahead.
How far the stock fell below its prior peak. Deeper, longer drawdowns = a rougher ride to the same return.
Quarter-end, dividend-adjusted (total return). Beta & volatility from quarterly returns (annualized). Benchmark is the S&P 500 (SPY total return). Annual returns compound the quarters ending in each calendar year; the first and last years in a window may be partial. Past performance doesn't predict future results.
Ranked against 651 sector peers with collected financials. Valuation from latest close × latest fiscal-year fundamentals; 13F conviction as of 2026-03-31.
Percentile is “goodness” within the peer set (100 = best). For valuation and leverage that means cheaper / less-levered ranks higher.
| Company | Mkt cap ▼ | P/E | EV/EBITDA | P/S | Rev gr | Gross | Net | ROE | ROIC | Net D/EBITDA | 13F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LTM | $28.75T | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 160 |
| CAT | $364.2B | 41.6× | 29.1× | 5.4× | 4.3% | 33.8% | 13.1% | 41.7% | 15.4% | 2.7× | 3,616 |
| GE | $328.2B | 38.4× | — | 7.2× | 18.5% | — | 19.0% | 46.6% | 22.2% | — | 3,077 |
| RTX | $264.2B | 39.7× | 18.8× | 3.0× | 9.7% | — | 7.6% | 10.3% | 10.3% | 0.0× | 3,277 |
| BA | $204.4B | 81.4× | 41.0× | 2.3× | 34.5% | 4.8% | 2.5% | 41.0% | 3.3% | 10.0× | 2,435 |
| DE | $181.0B | 36.2× | — | 4.0× | -11.7% | — | 11.0% | 19.4% | 12.6% | — | 2,491 |
| ABBNY | $174.3B | 47.1× | 31.1× | 5.4× | 9.5% | 34.8% | 11.9% | 28.5% | 20.4% | 0.9× | 48 |
| UNP | $166.7B | 23.4× | 16.0× | 6.8× | 1.1% | — | 29.1% | 38.7% | 14.2% | 2.6× | 2,648 |
| ETN | $154.3B | 38.1× | — | 5.6× | 10.3% | 37.6% | 14.9% | 21.0% | 13.9% | — | 2,398 |
| HON | $131.9B | 28.2× | 16.2× | 3.5× | 7.8% | 36.9% | 12.6% | 34.0% | 9.8% | 3.6× | 2,694 |
| LMT | $123.0B | 25.0× | 16.1× | 1.6× | 5.6% | 10.2% | 6.7% | 74.6% | 17.7% | 2.5× | 2,807 |
| PH | $117.9B | 33.9× | 26.6× | 5.9× | -0.4% | 36.9% | 17.8% | 25.8% | 16.7% | 1.6× | 1,845 |
| ADP | $108.7B | 25.0× | — | 5.0× | 6.7% | 46.4% | 20.1% | 73.2% | 40.1% | — | 2,179 |
| GD | $97.3B | 23.3× | 17.1× | 1.9× | 10.1% | — | 8.0% | 16.4% | 12.5% | 1.3× | 2,123 |
| TT | $94.0B | 32.5× | 23.2× | 4.4× | 7.5% | — | 13.7% | 34.0% | 22.1% | 1.1× | 1,658 |
| PWR | $92.6B | 91.1× | 46.0× | 3.3× | 20.3% | 15.0% | 3.6% | 11.5% | 10.6% | 0.4× | 1,659 |
| VRT | $91.6B | 70.2× | 43.4× | 8.9× | 27.7% | 36.3% | 13.0% | 33.8% | 19.4% | 1.4× | 1,748 |
| JCI | $91.6B | 27.9× | — | 3.9× | 2.8% | 36.4% | 13.9% | 25.5% | 14.4% | — | 1,487 |
| HWM | $91.5B | 61.4× | 40.3× | 11.1× | 11.1% | — | 18.3% | 28.2% | 17.9% | 1.3× | 1,399 |
| CSX | $89.1B | 31.1× | 14.4× | 6.3× | -3.1% | — | 20.5% | 22.0% | 22.0% | — | 1,791 |
| MMM | $86.2B | 27.1× | 16.6× | 3.5× | 1.5% | 39.9% | 13.0% | 69.1% | 18.8% | 2.1× | 2,051 |
| WM | $86.2B | 31.9× | 12.1× | 3.4× | 14.2% | 40.4% | 10.7% | 27.1% | 25.3% | 0.1× | 2,262 |
| UPS | $83.9B | 15.1× | 9.4× | 0.9× | -2.6% | — | 6.3% | 34.3% | 13.8% | 2.2× | 2,025 |
| EMR | $82.1B | 36.1× | — | 4.6× | 3.0% | 52.8% | 12.7% | 11.3% | 6.9% | — | 2,112 |
| CTAS | $80.4B | 45.3× | 28.9× | 7.8× | 7.7% | 50.0% | 17.5% | 38.7% | 25.5% | 0.8× | 1,366 |
Peers = companies sharing CAT's sector (Industrials) with collected SEC financials. Multiples use the most recent end-of-day close and latest fiscal-year fundamentals (trailing, not forward). Missing cells mean the peer never reported that line item, has no collected price, or has a non-positive denominator. Not investment advice.