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Institutional accumulation: ownership increased +2.00% quarter-over-quarter.
Data as of Q1 2026
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Solve the discounted cash flow backwards, then stress-test the assumptions.
This company doesn't have positive free cash flow, so a reverse DCF can't be run.
Total shares institutions bought (green) vs sold (red) each quarter across all holders.
Inferred from quarter-over-quarter change in each fund's 13F position (new stakes count as buys, exits as sells). Not tick-level trades.
EOD close · as of 2026-09-17
How a revenue dollar becomes profit — FY2025
Each value shows its share of revenue below it (common-size).
| Line Item | FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 | FY2022 | FY2021 | FY2020 | FY2019 | FY2018 | FY2017 | FY2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $5.9M 100.0% | $5.5M 100.0% | $2.7M 100.0% | $1.8M 100.0% | $1.2M 100.0% | $1.7M 100.0% | $600K 100.0% | $511K 100.0% | $843K 100.0% | $705K 100.0% |
| Cost of Revenue | $4.2M 71.7% | $2.7M 48.9% | $2.5M 91.4% | $1.9M 105.7% | $2.3M 189.0% | $1.8M 105.1% | $1.3M 217.2% | $763K 149.3% | $938K 111.3% | $668K 94.8% |
| Gross Profit | $1.7M 28.3% | $2.8M 51.1% | $236K 8.6% | -$101K -5.7% | -$1.1M -89.0% | -$105K -6.2% | -$671K -111.8% | -$252K -49.3% | -$95K -11.3% | $37K 5.2% |
| Research & Development | $3.6M 61.4% | $7.7M 139.4% | $10.0M 366.0% | — | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Selling, General & Admin | — | — | — | — | $7.8M 644.4% | $6.9M 406.8% | $7.6M 1269.3% | $7.0M 1367.5% | $6.6M 778.5% | $6.7M 957.0% |
| Total Operating Expenses | $23.3M 398.3% | $32.2M 582.0% | $29.5M 1078.0% | $21.5M 1219.6% | $12.5M 1038.1% | $11.3M 662.4% | $12.6M 2100.0% | $11.3M 2212.9% | $11.6M 1375.1% | $14.9M 2112.8% |
| Operating Income | -$21.7M -370.0% | -$29.3M -530.9% | -$29.2M -1069.4% | -$21.6M -1225.3% | -$13.6M -1127.0% | -$11.4M -668.5% | -$13.3M -2211.8% | -$11.6M -2262.2% | -$11.7M -1386.4% | -$14.9M -2107.5% |
| Other Income (Expense), net | — | — | — | — | -$83K -6.9% | — | — | $4K 0.8% | — | $241K 34.2% |
| Pretax Income | -$22.5M -384.7% | -$28.7M -520.1% | -$26.6M -973.8% | -$20.7M -1176.6% | -$14.8M -1223.9% | -$11.2M -661.6% | -$13.1M -2182.7% | -$11.3M -2206.7% | -$10.2M -1208.1% | -$14.8M -2093.3% |
| Income Tax Expense | -$1.0M -17.6% | -$1.3M -22.7% | -$278K -10.2% | -$1.8M -103.6% | — | -$895K -52.6% | -$850K -141.7% | -$1.1M -219.0% | -$698K -82.8% | -$1.7M -237.4% |
| Net Income | -$21.5M -367.0% | -$27.5M -497.4% | -$26.3M -963.6% | -$18.9M -1073.0% | -$14.8M -1223.9% | -$10.4M -608.9% | -$12.2M -2041.0% | -$10.2M -1987.7% | -$9.5M -1125.3% | -$13.1M -1862.3% |
| Per Share | ||||||||||
| EPS (Basic) | $-0.17 | $-0.47 | $-0.47 | $-0.35 | $-0.49 | — | — | — | — | — |
| EPS (Diluted) | $-0.17 | $-0.47 | $-0.47 | $-0.35 | — | — | — | — | — | — |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Basic) | 126.9M | 59.0M | 56.0M | 54.01B | 30.02B | — | — | — | — | — |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Diluted) | 126.9M | 59.0M | 56.0M | 54.01B | — | — | — | — | — | — |
Source: SEC EDGAR XBRL filings (annual, fiscal year). Quarterly flow items are derived from cumulative filings; balance-sheet figures are as-of each period end. Ratios and margins are computed, not reported.
Is the value real, and is the business safe? Academic scores + earnings quality + solvency, from SEC filings.
3/8 of the 9 checks — 1 couldn't be scored (see above), so the score is out of the 8 with data.
Safe > 2.99 · grey 1.81–2.99 · distress < 1.81
Eight indices comparing this year to last (receivables, margins, asset quality, growth, accruals, leverage). Above −1.78 suggests possible manipulation; below −2.22 is clean.
A screen, not proof — high growth alone can raise it.
Cash-conversion data unavailable. Lower/negative accruals = higher quality (Sloan).
Coverage data unavailable.
F-Score (0–9 fundamental momentum), Altman Z (distress risk), and Beneish M (earnings-manipulation screen) are academic models computed from the SEC filings. Screens and context — educational, not recommendations.
What the company returns to shareholders — and whether it's covered by cash.
No dividend to cover. Last year: $0 dividends + $0 buybacks = $0 returned on -$19M FCF.
Yields use the latest fiscal-year dividends/buybacks over current market cap. Dividends and buybacks from the SEC cash-flow statement; payout coverage vs net income and free cash flow. Educational — not a recommendation.
How management deployed cash over 10 years — and what it earned on reinvestment.
A reinvestment story — most cash went back into growth rather than to shareholders.
Operating income fell despite reinvestment — a warning on capital productivity. Current ROIC on all capital: -81%. Rough measure (includes maintenance capex).
Cash uses aggregated from the SEC cash-flow statement over 10 fiscal years. "Return on reinvestment" is a rough proxy — operating-income change ÷ cumulative CapEx + M&A — and includes maintenance capex. Educational — not a recommendation.
How much the company owes, how it's trended, and how comfortably it's serviced.
Insufficient EBITDA/debt history.
Green ≤ 1.5× · amber ≤ 3× · red > 3× (leverage relative to cash earnings).
Interest expense isn't separately reported — often netted into “other income (expense), net.”
Cash vs short-term debt unavailable.
Short-term / long-term split not separately reported.
Debt, cash, interest and equity from the SEC balance sheet & income statement. Effective rate = interest ÷ average debt. Educational — not a recommendation.
EOD close · as of 2026-09-17
Nothing notable to watch.
Is the profit real, and how strong is the balance sheet?
FY2025 · every deduction from revenue to net income
DuPont — the three levers
Watch the leverage lever — a chunk of ROE comes from the balance sheet.
What the company owes vs. what it holds
Year-by-year maturities aren't in SEC companyfacts (footnote-only), so this shows the debt/cash structure and net leverage instead.
Latest year: profit growth vs revenue growth
Profit and sales moved in opposite directions this year.
Each line as % of revenue — the trend in color
| % of revenue | FY2018 | FY2019 | FY2020 | FY2021 | FY2022 | FY2023 | FY2024 | FY2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost of Revenue | 149.3 | 217.2 | 105.1 | 189.0 | 105.7 | 91.4 | 48.9 | 71.7 |
| Gross Profit | -49.3 | -111.8 | -6.2 | -89.0 | -5.7 | 8.6 | 51.1 | 28.3 |
| R&D | — | — | — | — | — | 366.0 | 139.4 | 61.4 |
| SG&A | 1367.5 | 1269.3 | 406.8 | 644.4 | — | — | — | — |
| Operating Income | -2262.2 | -2211.8 | -668.5 | -1127.0 | -1225.3 | -1069.4 | -530.9 | -370.0 |
| Income Tax | -219.0 | -141.7 | -52.6 | — | -103.6 | -10.2 | -22.7 | -17.6 |
| Net Income | -1987.7 | -2041.0 | -608.9 | -1223.9 | -1073.0 | -963.6 | -497.4 | -367.0 |
Green = margin-favorable vs the row's own range · red = unfavorable.
The metrics that matter, over time
A 30-second read on OPTT: price, valuation, headline fundamentals, and an auto-generated scorecard from SEC filings. Flags are rule-based signals, not recommendations.
Top 40 institutional holders — bubble size is position value, color is the move since last quarter. Hover any holder for detail.
Drag any bubble to rearrange · size = dollar value of the position
Total return (dividends reinvested) vs the market, from quarter-end prices.
Above 0 = ahead of the S&P 500 since the window start; below 0 = behind. Rising means it's pulling ahead.
How far the stock fell below its prior peak. Deeper, longer drawdowns = a rougher ride to the same return.
Quarter-end, dividend-adjusted (total return). Beta & volatility from quarterly returns (annualized). Benchmark is the S&P 500 (SPY total return). Annual returns compound the quarters ending in each calendar year; the first and last years in a window may be partial. Past performance doesn't predict future results.
Ranked against 651 sector peers with collected financials. Valuation from latest close × latest fiscal-year fundamentals; 13F conviction as of 2026-03-31.
Percentile is “goodness” within the peer set (100 = best). For valuation and leverage that means cheaper / less-levered ranks higher.
| Company | Mkt cap ▼ | P/E | EV/EBITDA | P/S | Rev gr | Gross | Net | ROE | ROIC | Net D/EBITDA | 13F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LTM | $29.49T | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 160 |
| CAT | $371.6B | 42.5× | 29.7× | 5.5× | 4.3% | 33.8% | 13.1% | 41.7% | 15.4% | 2.7× | 3,616 |
| GE | $328.8B | 38.5× | — | 7.2× | 18.5% | — | 19.0% | 46.6% | 22.2% | — | 3,077 |
| RTX | $259.8B | 39.0× | 18.5× | 2.9× | 9.7% | — | 7.6% | 10.3% | 10.3% | 0.0× | 3,277 |
| BA | $199.4B | 79.4× | 40.2× | 2.2× | 34.5% | 4.8% | 2.5% | 41.0% | 3.3% | 10.0× | 2,435 |
| DE | $185.4B | 37.1× | — | 4.1× | -11.7% | — | 11.0% | 19.4% | 12.6% | — | 2,491 |
| ABBNY | $177.4B | 47.9× | 31.6× | 5.5× | 9.5% | 34.8% | 11.9% | 28.5% | 20.4% | 0.9× | 48 |
| UNP | $167.6B | 23.6× | 16.1× | 6.8× | 1.1% | — | 29.1% | 38.7% | 14.2% | 2.6× | 2,648 |
| ETN | $158.8B | 39.2× | — | 5.8× | 10.3% | 37.6% | 14.9% | 21.0% | 13.9% | — | 2,398 |
| HON | $131.2B | 28.1× | 16.1× | 3.5× | 7.8% | 36.9% | 12.6% | 34.0% | 9.8% | 3.6× | 2,694 |
| LMT | $123.2B | 25.0× | 16.1× | 1.6× | 5.6% | 10.2% | 6.7% | 74.6% | 17.7% | 2.5× | 2,807 |
| PH | $118.7B | 34.1× | 26.8× | 6.0× | -0.4% | 36.9% | 17.8% | 25.8% | 16.7% | 1.6× | 1,845 |
| ADP | $108.3B | 24.9× | — | 4.9× | 6.7% | 46.4% | 20.1% | 73.2% | 40.1% | — | 2,179 |
| GD | $96.2B | 23.0× | 16.9× | 1.8× | 10.1% | — | 8.0% | 16.4% | 12.5% | 1.3× | 2,123 |
| TT | $94.4B | 32.6× | 23.3× | 4.4× | 7.5% | — | 13.7% | 34.0% | 22.1% | 1.1× | 1,658 |
| VRT | $92.4B | 70.8× | 43.8× | 9.0× | 27.7% | 36.3% | 13.0% | 33.8% | 19.4% | 1.4× | 1,748 |
| PWR | $92.2B | 90.7× | 45.8× | 3.2× | 20.3% | 15.0% | 3.6% | 11.5% | 10.6% | 0.4× | 1,659 |
| JCI | $91.9B | 28.0× | — | 3.9× | 2.8% | 36.4% | 13.9% | 25.5% | 14.4% | — | 1,487 |
| HWM | $90.7B | 60.9× | 39.9× | 11.0× | 11.1% | — | 18.3% | 28.2% | 17.9% | 1.3× | 1,399 |
| CSX | $89.1B | 31.1× | 14.4× | 6.3× | -3.1% | — | 20.5% | 22.0% | 22.0% | — | 1,791 |
| MMM | $87.3B | 27.4× | 16.8× | 3.5× | 1.5% | 39.9% | 13.0% | 69.1% | 18.8% | 2.1× | 2,051 |
| WM | $86.0B | 31.8× | 12.1× | 3.4× | 14.2% | 40.4% | 10.7% | 27.1% | 25.3% | 0.1× | 2,262 |
| UPS | $85.0B | 15.3× | 9.5× | 1.0× | -2.6% | — | 6.3% | 34.3% | 13.8% | 2.2× | 2,025 |
| EMR | $83.0B | 36.5× | — | 4.6× | 3.0% | 52.8% | 12.7% | 11.3% | 6.9% | — | 2,112 |
| CTAS | $79.8B | 45.0× | 28.7× | 7.7× | 7.7% | 50.0% | 17.5% | 38.7% | 25.5% | 0.8× | 1,366 |
| OPTT | $331M | — | — | 56.4× | 6.1% | 28.3% | -367% | -80.7% | -80.7% | — | 68 |
Peers = companies sharing OPTT's sector (Industrials) with collected SEC financials. Multiples use the most recent end-of-day close and latest fiscal-year fundamentals (trailing, not forward). Missing cells mean the peer never reported that line item, has no collected price, or has a non-positive denominator. Not investment advice.