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Held by 470 of 5,944 reporting institutions (97th percentile) — extremely crowded.
Data as of Q1 2026
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Total shares institutions bought (green) vs sold (red) each quarter across all holders.
Inferred from quarter-over-quarter change in each fund's 13F position (new stakes count as buys, exits as sells). Not tick-level trades.
Top 40 institutional holders — bubble size is position value, color is the move since last quarter. Hover any holder for detail.
Drag any bubble to rearrange · size = dollar value of the position
EOD close · as of 2026-09-17
How a revenue dollar becomes profit — FY2025
Each value shows its share of revenue below it (common-size).
| Line Item | FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $2.07B 100.0% | $2.15B 100.0% | $2.16B 100.0% |
| Cost of Revenue | $1.03B 49.7% | $1.04B 48.4% | $1.04B 48.1% |
| Gross Profit | $1.04B 50.3% | $1.11B 51.6% | $1.12B 51.9% |
| Research & Development | $165.0M 8.0% | $163.5M 7.6% | $161.5M 7.5% |
| Selling, General & Admin | $616.6M 29.8% | $552.1M 25.6% | $446.4M 20.7% |
| Total Operating Expenses | $781.6M 37.8% | $715.6M 33.2% | $607.9M 28.2% |
| Operating Income | -$1.18B -57.2% | $459.6M 21.3% | $511.8M 23.7% |
| Interest Expense | $32.3M 1.6% | $0 0.0% | $0 0.0% |
| Other Income (Expense), net | -$1.1M -0.1% | -$1.4M -0.1% | -$2.0M -0.1% |
| Pretax Income | -$1.22B -58.8% | $432.6M 20.1% | $509.8M 23.6% |
| Income Tax Expense | $6.1M 0.3% | $78.0M 3.6% | $93.0M 4.3% |
| Net Income | -$1.22B -59.1% | $354.6M 16.5% | $416.8M 19.3% |
| Per Share | |||
| EPS (Basic) | $-10.84 | $3.15 | $3.70 |
| EPS (Diluted) | $-10.84 | $3.15 | $3.70 |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Basic) | 112.8M | 112.7M | 112.7M |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Diluted) | 112.8M | 112.7M | 112.7M |
Source: SEC EDGAR XBRL filings (annual, fiscal year). Quarterly flow items are derived from cumulative filings; balance-sheet figures are as-of each period end. Ratios and margins are computed, not reported.
Solve the discounted cash flow backwards, then stress-test the assumptions.
To be worth $67.35 today, the market must believe free cash flow compounds 8.3%/yr for a decade (off $404M normalized FCF).
The market's 8.3% is more optimistic than its 2-yr track record.
2-stage DCF · 0.11B shares · net debt $830M
mean -8.8% · volatility σ 8% · implied rate exceeded in 0/2 yrs
Central path = implied 8.3%/yr growth; shaded band = ±1σ (8%) of this company's historical FCF volatility, widening with time. The wider the band, the less certain the growth.
Reverse DCF: rather than guessing a fair value, we solve for the growth the current price implies, then you stress-test the assumptions. Enterprise value of the FCF stream, less net debt, ÷ shares. Educational — not a recommendation.
Is the value real, and is the business safe? Academic scores + earnings quality + solvency, from SEC filings.
Safe > 2.99 · grey 1.81–2.99 · distress < 1.81
Eight indices comparing this year to last (receivables, margins, asset quality, growth, accruals, leverage). Above −1.78 suggests possible manipulation; below −2.22 is clean.
A screen, not proof — high growth alone can raise it.
Cash-conversion data unavailable. Lower/negative accruals = higher quality (Sloan).
Interest coverage is thin — monitor; leverage falling year-over-year.
F-Score (0–9 fundamental momentum), Altman Z (distress risk), and Beneish M (earnings-manipulation screen) are academic models computed from the SEC filings. Screens and context — educational, not recommendations.
What the company returns to shareholders — and whether it's covered by cash.
The dividend is comfortably covered — only 3% of free cash flow, leaving room to grow it and fund buybacks. Last year: $11M dividends + $0 buybacks = $11M returned on $358M FCF.
1 consecutive years of dividend increases.
Yields use the latest fiscal-year dividends/buybacks over current market cap. Dividends and buybacks from the SEC cash-flow statement; payout coverage vs net income and free cash flow. Educational — not a recommendation.
How management deployed cash over 3 years — and what it earned on reinvestment.
A reinvestment story — most cash went back into growth rather than to shareholders.
Operating income fell despite reinvestment — a warning on capital productivity. Current ROIC on all capital: -44%. Rough measure (includes maintenance capex).
Cash uses aggregated from the SEC cash-flow statement over 3 fiscal years. "Return on reinvestment" is a rough proxy — operating-income change ÷ cumulative CapEx + M&A — and includes maintenance capex. Educational — not a recommendation.
How much the company owes, how it's trended, and how comfortably it's serviced.
Cash of $319M is below the $531M due within a year — relies on refinancing or operating cash flow. Scheduled principal only (excludes interest & revolver draws). As of 2025-12-31 (10-K).
Insufficient EBITDA/debt history.
Green ≤ 1.5× · amber ≤ 3× · red > 3× (leverage relative to cash earnings).
Thin coverage — earnings barely cover interest. Effective rate ~2.8% on $1.1B of debt.
Cash of $319M is below short-term debt of $530M — relies on refinancing/operations.
Mostly long-term debt (balance-sheet current vs non-current split). See the maturity ladder above for the year-by-year repayment schedule.
Debt, cash, interest and equity from the SEC balance sheet & income statement. Effective rate = interest ÷ average debt. Maturity ladder from the SEC long-term-debt repayment schedule. Educational — not a recommendation.
EOD close · as of 2026-09-17
No standout strengths flagged.
Nothing notable to watch.
Is the profit real, and how strong is the balance sheet?
FY2025 · every deduction from revenue to net income
DuPont — the three levers
Watch the leverage lever — a chunk of ROE comes from the balance sheet.
What the company owes vs. what it holds
Year-by-year maturities aren't in SEC companyfacts (footnote-only), so this shows the debt/cash structure and net leverage instead.
Latest year: profit growth vs revenue growth
High operating leverage: profit moved 89.6× as fast as sales — great in an upturn, painful in a downturn.
Each line as % of revenue — the trend in color
| % of revenue | FY2023 | FY2024 | FY2025 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cost of Revenue | 48.1 | 48.4 | 49.7 |
| Gross Profit | 51.9 | 51.6 | 50.3 |
| R&D | 7.5 | 7.6 | 8.0 |
| SG&A | 20.7 | 25.6 | 29.8 |
| Operating Income | 23.7 | 21.3 | -57.2 |
| Income Tax | 4.3 | 3.6 | 0.3 |
| Net Income | 19.3 | 16.5 | -59.1 |
Green = margin-favorable vs the row's own range · red = unfavorable.
The metrics that matter, over time
A 30-second read on RAL: price, valuation, headline fundamentals, and an auto-generated scorecard from SEC filings. Flags are rule-based signals, not recommendations.
Ranked against 651 sector peers with collected financials. Valuation from latest close × latest fiscal-year fundamentals; 13F conviction as of 2026-03-31.
Percentile is “goodness” within the peer set (100 = best). For valuation and leverage that means cheaper / less-levered ranks higher.
| Company | Mkt cap ▼ | P/E | EV/EBITDA | P/S | Rev gr | Gross | Net | ROE | ROIC | Net D/EBITDA | 13F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| LTM | $29.49T | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 160 |
| CAT | $371.6B | 42.5× | 29.7× | 5.5× | 4.3% | 33.8% | 13.1% | 41.7% | 15.4% | 2.7× | 3,616 |
| GE | $328.8B | 38.5× | — | 7.2× | 18.5% | — | 19.0% | 46.6% | 22.2% | — | 3,077 |
| RTX | $259.8B | 39.0× | 18.5× | 2.9× | 9.7% | — | 7.6% | 10.3% | 10.3% | 0.0× | 3,277 |
| BA | $199.4B | 79.4× | 40.2× | 2.2× | 34.5% | 4.8% | 2.5% | 41.0% | 3.3% | 10.0× | 2,435 |
| DE | $185.4B | 37.1× | — | 4.1× | -11.7% | — | 11.0% | 19.4% | 12.6% | — | 2,491 |
| ABBNY | $177.4B | 47.9× | 31.6× | 5.5× | 9.5% | 34.8% | 11.9% | 28.5% | 20.4% | 0.9× | 48 |
| UNP | $167.6B | 23.6× | 16.1× | 6.8× | 1.1% | — | 29.1% | 38.7% | 14.2% | 2.6× | 2,648 |
| ETN | $158.8B | 39.2× | — | 5.8× | 10.3% | 37.6% | 14.9% | 21.0% | 13.9% | — | 2,398 |
| HON | $131.2B | 28.1× | 16.1× | 3.5× | 7.8% | 36.9% | 12.6% | 34.0% | 9.8% | 3.6× | 2,694 |
| LMT | $123.2B | 25.0× | 16.1× | 1.6× | 5.6% | 10.2% | 6.7% | 74.6% | 17.7% | 2.5× | 2,807 |
| PH | $118.7B | 34.1× | 26.8× | 6.0× | -0.4% | 36.9% | 17.8% | 25.8% | 16.7% | 1.6× | 1,845 |
| ADP | $108.3B | 24.9× | — | 4.9× | 6.7% | 46.4% | 20.1% | 73.2% | 40.1% | — | 2,179 |
| GD | $96.2B | 23.0× | 16.9× | 1.8× | 10.1% | — | 8.0% | 16.4% | 12.5% | 1.3× | 2,123 |
| TT | $94.4B | 32.6× | 23.3× | 4.4× | 7.5% | — | 13.7% | 34.0% | 22.1% | 1.1× | 1,658 |
| VRT | $92.4B | 70.8× | 43.8× | 9.0× | 27.7% | 36.3% | 13.0% | 33.8% | 19.4% | 1.4× | 1,748 |
| PWR | $92.2B | 90.7× | 45.8× | 3.2× | 20.3% | 15.0% | 3.6% | 11.5% | 10.6% | 0.4× | 1,659 |
| JCI | $91.9B | 28.0× | — | 3.9× | 2.8% | 36.4% | 13.9% | 25.5% | 14.4% | — | 1,487 |
| HWM | $90.7B | 60.9× | 39.9× | 11.0× | 11.1% | — | 18.3% | 28.2% | 17.9% | 1.3× | 1,399 |
| CSX | $89.1B | 31.1× | 14.4× | 6.3× | -3.1% | — | 20.5% | 22.0% | 22.0% | — | 1,791 |
| MMM | $87.3B | 27.4× | 16.8× | 3.5× | 1.5% | 39.9% | 13.0% | 69.1% | 18.8% | 2.1× | 2,051 |
| WM | $86.0B | 31.8× | 12.1× | 3.4× | 14.2% | 40.4% | 10.7% | 27.1% | 25.3% | 0.1× | 2,262 |
| UPS | $85.0B | 15.3× | 9.5× | 1.0× | -2.6% | — | 6.3% | 34.3% | 13.8% | 2.2× | 2,025 |
| EMR | $83.0B | 36.5× | — | 4.6× | 3.0% | 52.8% | 12.7% | 11.3% | 6.9% | — | 2,112 |
| CTAS | $79.8B | 45.0× | 28.7× | 7.7× | 7.7% | 50.0% | 17.5% | 38.7% | 25.5% | 0.8× | 1,366 |
| RAL | $7.6B | — | — | 3.7× | -4.0% | 50.3% | -59.1% | -74.8% | -43.9% | -1.1× | 470 |
Peers = companies sharing RAL's sector (Industrials) with collected SEC financials. Multiples use the most recent end-of-day close and latest fiscal-year fundamentals (trailing, not forward). Missing cells mean the peer never reported that line item, has no collected price, or has a non-positive denominator. Not investment advice.