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Held by 1,781 of 5,944 reporting institutions (100th percentile) — extremely crowded.
Data as of Q1 2026
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Total shares institutions bought (green) vs sold (red) each quarter across all holders.
Inferred from quarter-over-quarter change in each fund's 13F position (new stakes count as buys, exits as sells). Not tick-level trades.
Solve the discounted cash flow backwards, then stress-test the assumptions.
To be worth $412.53 today, the market must believe free cash flow compounds 9.1%/yr for a decade (off $6.0B normalized FCF).
2-stage DCF · 0.31B shares · net debt $4.5B
mean 11.7% · volatility σ 126% · implied rate exceeded in 3/7 yrs
Central path = implied 9.1%/yr growth; shaded band = ±1σ (126%) of this company's historical FCF volatility, widening with time. The wider the band, the less certain the growth.
Reverse DCF: rather than guessing a fair value, we solve for the growth the current price implies, then you stress-test the assumptions. Enterprise value of the FCF stream, less net debt, ÷ shares. Educational — not a recommendation.
Top 40 institutional holders — bubble size is position value, color is the move since last quarter. Hover any holder for detail.
Drag any bubble to rearrange · size = dollar value of the position
EOD close · as of 2026-09-17
How a revenue dollar becomes profit — FY2025
Each value shows its share of revenue below it (common-size).
| Line Item | FY2025 | FY2024 | FY2023 | FY2022 | FY2021 | FY2020 | FY2019 | FY2018 | FY2017 | FY2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Revenue | $122.69B 100.0% | $129.88B 100.0% | $144.77B 100.0% | $176.38B 100.0% | $113.98B 100.0% | $64.91B 100.0% | $108.32B 100.0% | $117.03B 100.0% | $93.98B 100.0% | $75.66B 100.0% |
| Cost of Revenue | $117.25B 95.6% | $125.08B 96.3% | $131.83B 91.1% | $159.59B 90.5% | $110.85B 97.3% | $65.65B 101.1% | $103.55B 95.6% | $111.44B 95.2% | $89.47B 95.2% | $71.31B 94.3% |
| Selling, General & Admin | $1.04B 0.8% | $961.0M 0.7% | $998.0M 0.7% | $934.0M 0.5% | $865.0M 0.8% | $756.0M 1.2% | $868.0M 0.8% | $925.0M 0.8% | $829.0M 0.9% | $709.0M 0.9% |
| Total Operating Expenses | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | $72.09B 95.3% |
| Operating Income | $3.18B 2.6% | $3.75B 2.9% | $11.86B 8.2% | $15.69B 8.9% | $2.13B 1.9% | -$1.58B -2.4% | $3.84B 3.5% | $4.57B 3.9% | $3.56B 3.8% | $3.53B 4.7% |
| Interest Expense | $556.0M 0.5% | $556.0M 0.4% | $592.0M 0.4% | $562.0M 0.3% | $603.0M 0.5% | $563.0M 0.9% | $454.0M 0.4% | $470.0M 0.4% | $468.0M 0.5% | $446.0M 0.6% |
| Other Income (Expense), net | $380.0M 0.3% | $499.0M 0.4% | $502.0M 0.3% | $179.0M 0.1% | $16.0M 0.0% | $132.0M 0.2% | $104.0M 0.1% | $130.0M 0.1% | $112.0M 0.1% | $94.0M 0.1% |
| Pretax Income | $3.00B 2.4% | $3.70B 2.8% | $11.77B 8.1% | $15.31B 8.7% | $1.54B 1.4% | -$2.01B -3.1% | $3.49B 3.2% | $4.23B 3.6% | $3.21B 3.4% | $3.18B 4.2% |
| Income Tax Expense | $759.0M 0.6% | $692.0M 0.5% | $2.62B 1.8% | $3.43B 1.9% | $255.0M 0.2% | -$903.0M -1.4% | $702.0M 0.6% | $879.0M 0.8% | -$949.0M -1.0% | $765.0M 1.0% |
| Net Income | $2.35B 1.9% | $2.77B 2.1% | $8.84B 6.1% | $11.53B 6.5% | $930.0M 0.8% | -$1.42B -2.2% | $2.42B 2.2% | $3.12B 2.7% | $4.07B 4.3% | $2.29B 3.0% |
| Per Share | ||||||||||
| EPS (Basic) | $7.57 | $8.58 | $24.93 | $29.05 | $2.27 | $-3.50 | $5.84 | $7.30 | $9.17 | $4.94 |
| EPS (Diluted) | $7.57 | $8.58 | $24.92 | $29.04 | $2.27 | $-3.50 | $5.84 | $7.29 | $9.16 | $4.94 |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Basic) | 309.0M | 322.0M | 353.0M | 395.0M | 407.0M | 407.0M | 413.0M | 426.0M | 442.0M | 461.0M |
| Weighted Avg Shares (Diluted) | 309.0M | 322.0M | 353.0M | 396.0M | 407.0M | 407.0M | 414.0M | 428.0M | 444.0M | 464.0M |
Source: SEC EDGAR XBRL filings (annual, fiscal year). Quarterly flow items are derived from cumulative filings; balance-sheet figures are as-of each period end. Ratios and margins are computed, not reported.
Is the value real, and is the business safe? Academic scores + earnings quality + solvency, from SEC filings.
Insufficient balance-sheet detail (needs retained earnings, working capital, equity).
Needs granular two-year detail (receivables, PP&E, D&A, SG&A) — not fully reported.
Cash-conversion data unavailable. Lower/negative accruals = higher quality (Sloan).
Comfortably covers interest; leverage rising year-over-year.
F-Score (0–9 fundamental momentum), Altman Z (distress risk), and Beneish M (earnings-manipulation screen) are academic models computed from the SEC filings. Screens and context — educational, not recommendations.
What the company returns to shareholders — and whether it's covered by cash.
Free-cash-flow coverage unavailable. Last year: $1.4B dividends + $2.6B buybacks = $4.0B returned.
9 consecutive years of dividend increases · 7%/yr.
Yields use the latest fiscal-year dividends/buybacks over current market cap. Dividends and buybacks from the SEC cash-flow statement; payout coverage vs net income and free cash flow. Educational — not a recommendation.
How management deployed cash over 10 years — and what it earned on reinvestment.
A cash-return story — far more went to shareholders than back into the business (mature, low-reinvestment).
Operating income fell despite reinvestment — a warning on capital productivity. Current ROIC on all capital: 7%. Rough measure (includes maintenance capex).
Cash uses aggregated from the SEC cash-flow statement over 10 fiscal years. "Return on reinvestment" is a rough proxy — operating-income change ÷ cumulative CapEx + M&A — and includes maintenance capex. Educational — not a recommendation.
How much the company owes, how it's trended, and how comfortably it's serviced.
Cash of $4.7B covers the $695M due within a year 6.7× over. Scheduled principal only (excludes interest & revolver draws). As of 2025-12-31 (10-K).
Green ≤ 1.5× · amber ≤ 3× · red > 3× (leverage relative to cash earnings).
Coverage is adequate but not comfortable. Effective rate ~6.0% on $9.2B of debt.
Cash of $4.7B fully covers short-term debt of $949M.
Mostly long-term debt (balance-sheet current vs non-current split). See the maturity ladder above for the year-by-year repayment schedule.
Debt, cash, interest and equity from the SEC balance sheet & income statement. Effective rate = interest ÷ average debt. Maturity ladder from the SEC long-term-debt repayment schedule. Educational — not a recommendation.
EOD close · as of 2026-09-17
No standout strengths flagged.
No material risks flagged.
Where each multiple sits in its own 14-yr range · 98th pct blended
Dot = today · shaded = middle 50% · line = median. Lower percentile = cheaper vs its own 14-yr history.
Is the profit real, and how strong is the balance sheet?
FY2025 · every deduction from revenue to net income
DuPont — the three levers
Watch the leverage lever — a chunk of ROE comes from the balance sheet.
What the company owes vs. what it holds
Year-by-year maturities aren't in SEC companyfacts (footnote-only), so this shows the debt/cash structure and net leverage instead.
Latest year: profit growth vs revenue growth
High operating leverage: profit moved 2.8× as fast as sales — great in an upturn, painful in a downturn.
Each line as % of revenue — the trend in color
| % of revenue | FY2018 | FY2019 | FY2020 | FY2021 | FY2022 | FY2023 | FY2024 | FY2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cost of Revenue | 95.2 | 95.6 | 101.1 | 97.3 | 90.5 | 91.1 | 96.3 | 95.6 |
| SG&A | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.2 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
| Operating Income | 3.9 | 3.5 | -2.4 | 1.9 | 8.9 | 8.2 | 2.9 | 2.6 |
| Income Tax | 0.8 | 0.6 | -1.4 | 0.2 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
| Net Income | 2.7 | 2.2 | -2.2 | 0.8 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 2.1 | 1.9 |
Green = margin-favorable vs the row's own range · red = unfavorable.
The metrics that matter, over time
A 30-second read on VLO: price, valuation, headline fundamentals, and an auto-generated scorecard from SEC filings. Flags are rule-based signals, not recommendations.
Total return (dividends reinvested) vs the market, from quarter-end prices.
Above 0 = ahead of the S&P 500 since the window start; below 0 = behind. Rising means it's pulling ahead.
How far the stock fell below its prior peak. Deeper, longer drawdowns = a rougher ride to the same return.
Quarter-end, dividend-adjusted (total return). Beta & volatility from quarterly returns (annualized). Benchmark is the S&P 500 (SPY total return). Annual returns compound the quarters ending in each calendar year; the first and last years in a window may be partial. Past performance doesn't predict future results.
Ranked against 238 sector peers with collected financials. Valuation from latest close × latest fiscal-year fundamentals; 13F conviction as of 2026-03-31.
Percentile is “goodness” within the peer set (100 = best). For valuation and leverage that means cheaper / less-levered ranks higher.
| Company | Mkt cap ▼ | P/E | EV/EBITDA | P/S | Rev gr | Gross | Net | ROE | ROIC | Net D/EBITDA | 13F |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| XOM | $682.5B | 24.4× | — | 2.0× | -5.0% | — | 8.7% | 11.1% | 10.7% | — | 4,568 |
| SHEL | $544.5B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,521 |
| CVX | $391.1B | 31.9× | — | 2.1× | -6.8% | 42.8% | 6.5% | 6.6% | 6.6% | — | 4,121 |
| TTE | $200.4B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 951 |
| COP | $165.9B | 20.9× | — | 2.8× | 7.7% | 62.1% | 13.6% | 12.4% | 12.2% | — | 2,450 |
| PBR | $155.6B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 524 |
| MPC | $126.2B | 31.3× | 10.8× | 0.9× | -4.4% | 10.0% | 3.0% | 23.4% | 20.6% | 0.2× | 1,802 |
| VLO | $124.6B | 53.3× | 23.6× | 1.0× | -5.5% | 4.4% | 1.9% | 9.9% | 7.1% | 1.7× | 1,781 |
| BP | $116.9B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 1,220 |
| EQNR | $110.5B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 398 |
| PSX | $107.4B | 24.5× | — | 0.8× | -7.5% | 12.3% | 3.3% | 15.1% | 14.6% | — | 2,041 |
| WMB | $86.6B | 33.1× | 17.6× | 7.2× | 13.8% | — | 21.9% | 20.4% | 6.3% | 4.4× | 1,736 |
| EPD | $83.3B | — | 12.5× | 1.6× | -6.4% | 26.7% | 11.0% | — | — | 3.7× | 1,573 |
| EOG | $78.7B | 15.9× | 7.7× | 3.5× | -4.5% | — | 22.0% | 16.7% | 13.2% | 0.7× | 1,525 |
| SLB | $78.2B | 22.3× | — | 2.2× | -1.6% | — | 9.4% | 12.9% | 9.4% | — | 1,624 |
| ET | $72.7B | — | 9.8× | 0.8× | 3.5% | 25.8% | 5.2% | 9.0% | 3.8% | 4.8× | 1,244 |
| KMI | $68.4B | 22.4× | 14.0× | 4.0× | 12.2% | — | 18.0% | 9.8% | 4.8% | 4.5× | 1,745 |
| TRGP | $61.1B | 33.5× | 16.2× | 3.6× | 3.9% | 38.3% | 11.3% | 62.7% | 9.4% | 3.6× | 979 |
| TS | $60.4B | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 248 |
| LNG | $58.8B | 11.1× | 7.7× | 2.9× | 27.2% | — | 26.7% | 67.3% | 17.3% | 2.2× | 1,303 |
| MPLX | $58.7B | — | — | 4.5× | 8.9% | — | 38.1% | — | — | — | 622 |
| OXY | $58.5B | 36.9× | — | 2.7× | -1.9% | — | 11.0% | 6.6% | 4.2% | — | 1,250 |
| OKE | $58.4B | 17.1× | 12.4× | 1.7× | 55.0% | 30.5% | 10.1% | 15.1% | 6.3% | 4.4× | 1,622 |
| BKR | $55.9B | — | — | 2.0× | -0.3% | — | 9.3% | 13.7% | 13.3% | — | 1,095 |
| FANG | $55.4B | 34.0× | 11.1× | 3.7× | 35.8% | — | 11.1% | 4.5% | 3.2% | 2.3× | 1,141 |
Peers = companies sharing VLO's sector (Energy) with collected SEC financials. Multiples use the most recent end-of-day close and latest fiscal-year fundamentals (trailing, not forward). Missing cells mean the peer never reported that line item, has no collected price, or has a non-positive denominator. Not investment advice.